Syllable, Structure.

Introduction.

A while ago i considered creating a computer game for people who stutter or wish to perfect articulation.

It's name is 'Nucleus Coda: in search for the Onset'.

It's a lot of work, i lack understanding & experience, and while i am at least great computer programmer & a beginner artist - domain knowledge i lack.

i don't have time, however, to catch up with theory & practice, to program the game's mechanisms, to develop Artificial Intelligence needed for voice recognition, to develop the other art-resources neccessary as well.


Syllable.

A syllable is a unit of sound composed of a central peak of sonority (usually a vowel), and the consonants that cluster around this central peak.

Syllable structure, which is the combination of allowable segments and typical sound sequences, is language specific.


Here is a diagram of a syllable:




Onset, Nucleus & Coda.

A syllable has as many as three parts: onset, nucleus, and coda.

The onset and the coda are consonants, or consonant clusters, that appear at the beginning and the end of the syllable respectively.

The nucleus forms the the core of the syllable; it is most often a vowel, or a combination of vowels - but there are many exceptions to that.

If you examine enough languages you can find almost every kind phone used as a syllable nucleus.

In the word 'far', [f] is the syllable onset, [a] is the nucleus, and [r] the coda.

If a coda is present in a syllable, the nucleus and the coda form a single unit called a rhyme; otherwise the nucleus makes up the rhyme by itself.

Looking at 'far' again, [ar] forms the rhyme.

A syllable does not necessarily have to have an onset or a coda - depending on the language - but a nucleus is always present.


Consonants.

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.

Examples are:
- [p], pronounced with the lips;
- [t], pronounced with the front of the tongue;
- [k], pronounced with the back of the tongue;
- [h], pronounced in the throat;
- [f] and [s], pronounced by forcing air through a narrow channel (fricatives);
- and [m] and [n], which have air flowing through the nose (nasals).

Contrasting with consonants are vowels.


Vovels.

In phonetics, a vowel is a sound in spoken language, with two complementary definitions.

In the phonetic definition, a vowel is a sound, such as the English 'ah' /ɑː/ or 'oh' /oʊ/, produced with an open vocal tract;

it is median (the air escapes along the middle of the tongue), oral (at least some of the airflow must escape through the mouth), frictionless and continuant.

There is no significant build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis.

This contrasts with consonants, such as the English 'sh' [ʃ], which have a constriction or closure at some point along the vocal tract.

In the other, phonological definition, a vowel is defined as syllabic, the sound that forms the peak of a syllable.

Abstract & Visual Grammars.

Introduction.

There can be many grammars, rules for composing symbols.

When an Art form fulfills the rules of a grammar, it's correct speech from that grammar's perspective, at least. Otherwise it's not correct speech form.

There are official, sanctioned grammars - it's usually good start to learn from these, even if not completely.

As with any art, every artist should create her or his own style, however, be free.


Visual Grammars.

Visual grammars are like algorithms, rules of using visual symbols in correct order & positioning.

There are simple symbols & complex symbols as well. Complex visual symbol consist of one or more of simple visual symbol(s) or/and complex visual symbol(s).

There are interpretations, that explain the order of placement meaning, as well as what positions tell, what is relation & speech between symbols, as well.

All of possible interpretations compose a grammar, there's default interpretation or a key symbol telling which interpretation to use.


Speech between Visual Symbols.

Each of symbol(s) is in relation(s) with each of other visual symbol(s) & with itself.

Relation tells how a symbol relates to an another symbol, and how it's in opposite direction - unless it's a relation with itself.

Relations can be many, and include:
- liking,
- understanding,
- contrasting,
- opposing,
- completing,
- enhancing,
- reinforcing.

Relations can have value(s), for example 'liking' relation might be 'likes', or 'does not like', or 'likes very much, but not often', etc.

Relations have two values each, one value in each of directions, unless it's a relation with itself.

Multiple of relations in one direction can be reduced to one multi-forked arrow, described with a single value, for a better overview. it's not the perfect solution when abstract & imprecise speech is used at a group, but practical as hell. Simplifies things a lot for artist, saving a lot of the precious time & effort.

An order of placement, positions, relations & their values can change with time, as in an animation.


Abstract Art Grammars.

Abstraction is a generalization, on topic as well.

There are levels of abstraction, higher levels are more terse, with longer description of interpretation, allow to speak more using less of symbols.

There can be art(s) of text, of image(s), of music, of film(s), of other art(s), each art used is called a 'layer' and together these are composed into a higher-level layer.

Grammar handles order of placement, positions & speech relations within a layer. There are higher-level-grammars that join lower-level-grammars.

There might be a flat-grammar that reduces all of the symbols of all layers into the one layer with the order of placement, positions & speech between these, as with the visual symbols speech.

Interpretations can animate, change with time, as well.

There's default interpretation of the flat-grammar or a key telling which interpretation to use for a given flat-grammar.

Envoûtement.

- English - French - Polish dictionary in making. -


Spells & Enchantments can be used not only with words.

For example, when we see a 'rose' poem that tells about feminity & love, we can paraphrase it using an image of a 'black lotus' and change it's meaning metaphorically to feminine protection qualities, a form of love & it's foundation.

It takes shorter while to look at image & understand than reading a whole poem, usually, at least.

Such a lyrical transformation should not be abused, it's dangerous.

It's too easy to abuse speech that way, unfortunately, i warn.

It has karmic & magickal consequences anyway - and harmful manipulation (at least), can be fairly easily proven a psychological crime in the Law Courts.

Art is Born in Pain.

i think that the Best of Artists are created in the Great Pains.

The Art of Love as well.

What is 'well'?

Word 'well' points to experience, to abuses & pains one endures as learns by trial & error, making mistakes, suffering karmic consequences, learning wisdom & compassion by understanding suffering.

Well is place where waters mix, where experiences mix.

Since Ancient Times people came to wells for water from many places, met other people with different experiences, they shared those.

From experiences wisdom is born, and quality as well.

Experienced people are among the best, i think.

'Knowing well' is not the same as 'knowing good enough', it points more to experience, trial & errors more than to formal education without practice.

Formal education is still great gift, very valuable - and one can mix education with practice - this is the way of the best of the best.

i still think that experience is more than education however, and anyone can learn anything if he or she fights for that - but often price is great & discouraging.

i wish all Aspiring Artists - including myself - to learn Art good & well enough to benefit everyone.

But what is enough?

... is enough enough?


... see also, if You wish or need, ... : What is: 'Understanding Fear' ?

Art of Magick & Light.

i am creating an Art Style called the 'Art of Magick & Light'.

it's mostly the Beautiful Art attempt that brings Styles together, and uses Real Life's Buddhism & Esoterics - including symbols, meanings, meditations, mantras, wishes, spellcasting, rituals, material components, efforts, wisdom & lore.

i think it's not only Art Style, but also the Real Magick as well.

i consider Art more important than Power, so there's Great Focus on Art & Style.

Both Art & Power have to be used Responsibly, i think - usually only when neccessary, but neccessity happens more often than i thought at youth.

.. the Art easily builds Influence & Power nevertheless, and adds more still - so focus on Art is not a big loss, even from Power's perspective.

i think Art is subtly magickal, the subtler Art the better.

Transmission of the Art.

i think Transmission of the Art can be defined many ways.

i think Art can Talk, using many Styles & Tools.

i think every symbol awakens thoughts and/or feelings, symbols represent ideas.

Image or text are also a symbols, as many other of objects.

Transmission of the Art is how symbols talk together, to say certain things, to pass ideas, to transmit messages as well - i think.


(perhaps i'll update this article later, when i understand more).




-=- Art Transmission's UML Class Diagram. -=-
(click to enlarge image).

-=- a Work in Progress. -=-


See also, if You wish: Object Relationships Modelling & Analysis, Object Oriented Analysis, Design & Modelling, 'Talking Objects' Solutions, Beings & Phenomena.

Beneficial Speech & Styles.

There are many speech styles, one can develop various of it's qualities, grammars parts & forms as one needs.

My speech is written or told in casual (not too formal but elegant, based on cause & effect law called 'karma' in Buddhism), international english language can be summarized as:
- Abstract (generalized & on topic, as seen from above, from bird's flight),
- Essentional (minimal amount of words, but not too few - that summarize what i wish to say. It skips details, and follows plan of speech resulting from analysis),
- Careful (great care & attempt at perfection is given to a precision & tools of achieving the precision of speech),
- Lyrical (my speech uses poetic metaphors to say more in less words, more beautifully as well, evoking feelings - mostly beneficial),
- Terse (using least amount of symbols, yet with the precise meaning).

i also have Polish written & spoken language, but i think mostly in international english way - i am a transliterate, for i spent great deal of my life with the internet, enligh words & international communities. My thinking in Polish language shares it's qualities with my english written speech, but is not so much developed.

When write about other people's words, i try to always clearly state where it is a precise quote, when it's paraphrase (transforming words to speak using one's words, often giving it another meaning), or translation attempt (translation is often imprecise with carrying exact meanings as different nations, cultures & people think & feel differently on the same words).

i think that communicating in the Internet or using other international means is a great challenge - because of high risk of being misunderstood if one is not careful).

i think that 'authoring' - transforming someone's words then claiming that someone else is author of these is seen too often, not only in the internet. i think this can be done if author agrees to use his name under transformed words, but without such permission it is often too a harmful manipulation.